首都圈地区卫星热红外亮温变化特征研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

屈春燕  闫丽莉  温少妍  单新建 《地球科学进展》2011,26(2):202-211

利用1999年和2003-2006年共5年的NOAA卫星热红外遥感数据,对北京及周边地区的热红外影像特征和红外亮温年变特征进行了跟踪观测、统计分析与对比研究.结果表明:①不同地质构造单元,特别是线性断裂构造在热红外影像上有清晰的显示,通过不同时期红外影像的对比研究可以很好地揭示断裂构造的空间展布及规模形态,为活动构造研...  相似文献   

陆面蒸散量观测方法比较分析及其影响因素研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

张强  张之贤  问晓梅  王胜 《地球科学进展》2011,26(5):538-547

陆面蒸散是陆面水分平衡的主要分量,也是地球系统水分消耗的主要途径,但陆面蒸散量测量技术一直没有得到很好地解决.利用LOPEX试验区内陇中黄土高原定西陆面过程综合观测站的历史观测资料,在参考对照蒸发皿观测的水面蒸发量的基础上,对蒸渗计法、涡动相关法、彭曼方法等3种方法观测的陆面蒸散量的年变化特征进行了比较分析,发现各观测...  相似文献   

FEFLOW在某市岩溶地下水四氯化碳污染中的应用   总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4  

刘娟  杨国勇  蒋兆华  王万林  徐文 《地下水》2011,(6):87-91

某市是我国北方的一座大型城市,七里沟盆地是该市的三个主要岩溶水源地之一,供应该市南部20余万人的生产生活用水,2000年11月发现该岩溶含水层受到四氯化碳的污染,本文结合前人所做的工作和研究区检测资料的分析,建立了研究区水文地质概念模型和地下水数学模型,采用基于有限元方法的FEFLOW软件对模型求解,在水流模型的基础上...  相似文献   

两河口水电站右坝肩边坡的氡异常特征     

贾留杰  沈军辉  章志锋  顾涛 《地质灾害与环境保护》2011,22(2):107-110

通过对岩体的氡气测试,得到不同高程氡气脉冲值的硐深变化曲线,分析岩体卸荷强度和方式与其氡异常的相关性。岩体卸荷强度愈高,高氡异常值越高,异常深度范围越大,异常特征越明显。边坡集中卸荷拉裂部位、断层及错动带高氡异常,但边坡深部某些顺层断层或错动带异常特征不明显。结果显示卸荷强度和方式与氡气异常特征密切相关。  相似文献   

建筑基坑监测的常见问题及对策     

刘福臣  金杰  王文 《城市地质》2011,6(1):56-59

以某建筑基坑为例,探讨了不同观测时间对沉降的影响、不同位置观测点的沉降变化规律和地下水位升降对沉降的影响。为避免温度对观测成果的影响,沉降观测时间选择在上午进行,不宜选择在中午;在观测顺序上,先进行建筑物阳面测点观测,后进行阴面测点观测,尽量减少温度对沉降的影响;地下水回升引起地基回弹,沉降变化速率为负值,累计沉降量减少。  相似文献   

Mineralogy,major and trace element geochemistry of riverbed sediments in the headwaters of the Yangtze,Tongtian River and Jinsha River   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Weihua Wu  Shijun Xu  Huayu Lu  Jiedong Yang  Hongwei Yin  Wen Liu 《Journal of Asian Earth Sciences》2011,40(2):611-621

We collected riverbed sediments of the headwaters of the Yangtze River (Chumaer River, Tuotuo River, Gaerqu River and Buqu River), Tongtian River and Jinsha River (HTJR) flowing on the eastern Tibetan Plateau and analyzed their mineralogical features, major and trace element contents. The results show: (i) very poor correlations of Na₂O, K₂O, CaO, Ba, and Sr to SiO₂, LREE to Th, HREE to Hf, and Ta/La to Ti, and characteristics of Eu anomaly (the ratios of (Eu/Eu^*)_N range from 0.60 to 0.83 with an average value of 0.71) all indicate that the Jinsha River sediments have not undergone much mineralogical sorting; (ii) illite and chlorite are predominant clay minerals, and quartz, calcite, dolomite, albite, and K-feldspar are prevailing non-clay minerals. The characteristics of mineral assemblage indicate relatively weak chemical weathering degree in these river basins; (iii) very high contents of Fe₂O₃, MgO, TiO₂, Sc, V, Cr, Co, and Ni at Panzhihua mainly result from the huge-sized V–Ti magnetite deposits occurred in layered gabbroic intrusion; and (iv) the chemical alteration index (CIA) in the HTJR ranges from 46.5 to 69.2 and with an average value of 60.5 which indicates relatively weak weathering degree.  相似文献   

青海省煤炭资源概况及潜力分析     

许长坤  宋顺昌  文怀军 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(5):65-68

青海省煤炭资源相对比较贫乏,且分布不均衡,总体勘查程度较低。煤炭资源潜力评价结果显示,青海煤炭预测资源量为344.46亿t,总量占全国比值相对较少,已查明资源储量为45.84亿t,查明率是13.26%,查明程度很低。根据对资源量赋存深度、成煤时代、煤质类型及地域分布的分析,认为全省煤炭煤种优势明显,产地相对集中,找矿潜力很大。根据青海省经济发展规划,以煤炭资源开发利用为基础的煤化工产业将成为青海省又一重要经济支柱,因此应加大地质勘查投入,着力提高全省的煤炭地质勘查程度,为青海省经济可持续发展提供资源保障。  相似文献   

晋城矿区粘土矿物特征及沉积-成岩响应     

温兆翠  姜波  刘明银 《中国煤炭地质》2011,(7):10-13

在X射线衍射和扫描电镜观测的基础上,结合区域沉积演化分析,探讨了晋城矿区粘土类型、组合特征、微观结构与沉积-成岩作用的关系。结果表明,晋城矿区粘土矿物以高岭石为主,其次为伊利石和伊利石/蒙脱石混层,还有少量的绿泥石和蒙脱石;山西组粘土矿物颗粒排列定向性优于太原组,多呈带状或平叠状产出,而太原组多为蜂巢状、花朵状或凝絮状;由于太原期频繁的海侵海退致使煤层顶底板处于pH值较高的碱性环境,使成岩过程中高岭石向伊利石转化,造成太原组粘土矿物的伊利石含量明显高于山西组,而高岭石含量相对较低。  相似文献   

Post-Aswan dam sedimentation rate of lagoons of the Nile Delta,Egypt   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Jiawei Gu  Zhongyuan Chen  Alaa Salem 《Environmental Earth Sciences》2011,64(7):1807-1813

This study uses radiometric analysis (²¹⁰Pb and ¹³⁷Cs) of short sediment cores with high-resolution sampling (1-cm interval) to trace sedimentation rates in the Nile Delta lagoons, particularly since completion of the Aswan High Dam in 1964. A declining trend in ²¹⁰Pb_ex as calculated by the CIC model is clearly identified in about 10 cm of the upper-core sediments from the lagoons of Manzala and Edku, accompanied by two spikes of ¹³⁷Cs in cores from the lagoons of Burullus and Edku. These findings illustrate average post-dam sedimentation rates ranging from 0.22 to 0.27 cm a⁻¹ in the lagoons, in contrast with those found previously based on low-resolution sampling. The lower sedimentation rates in the lagoons are a consequence of a dramatic reduction in riverine sediment load to the coastal area as a result of the damming. Although widespread erosion occurs along the open estuarine coast, the lagoon setting remains calmer than before due to coastal diking and freshwater regulation in the delta plain in the past decades. This provides the possibility of continuously preserved radiometric records in the less-bioturbated lagoon sediments. Dating individual layers using the CRS model has revealed increasing sedimentation rates in Manzala and Burullus since the 1980s, which can largely be explained as a consequence of the reduction in lagoon area due to intensifying reclamation. The post-dam sedimentation in the shrinking lagoons may have some adverse ecological consequences due to finer sediment’s affinity with pollutants. These findings would shed light on the environmental conservation and socioeconomic development in the Nile Delta region.  相似文献   

不同浓度β-胡萝卜素对三角帆蚌（Hyriopsiseumingii）早期珍珠色泽形成的影响     

韩继卫  罗文  郑大恒  张玉明 《海洋与湖沼》2011,42(4):573-579

采用生理生化、激光拉曼和电镜扫描等方法进行添加不同浓度β-胡萝卜素对三角帆蚌早期珍珠色泽形成的研究。实验共分五组,I至V组β-胡萝卜素终浓度分别为0、0．000625％、0．00125％、0．0025％和0．005％。结果显示,当β-胡萝卜素的添加浓度为0．000625％时,SOD、POD的比活力均下降,而CAT的比活...  相似文献